The Recording Year

Autumn Migration

Pink-footed Geese © Dawn BalmerMigration is often not so obvious in the autumn as it is in spring with summer visitors ‘disappearing' gradually, often without notice. Winter visitors tend to arrive over a longer time period and are not in such a rush as spring migrants; the urgency of the breeding season is not there. It's a really exciting time though, with winter thrushes, flocks of geese and swans arriving and the dispersal of raptors to their wintering grounds.

Recording the departure dates of migrants is often considered more difficult than noting arrival dates. By submitting lists regularly to BirdTrack we will be able to get a clear picture of the timing and pattern of departure of summer visitors. The table below gives the latest departure dates for summer visitors in Hampshire, West Midlands, Leicestershire, Lancashire and Shetland. For up-to-date information on a wider range of species and regions see Maps and Reports.

Table 1: Selection of latest departure dates of summer visitors
Species Hampshire West Midlands Leicestershire Lancashire Shetland
Garganey 27 September 2 October 19 October - -
Montagu’s Harrier 2 September - - - -
Osprey 13 October - 15 September - -
Hobby 9 October 7 October 12 October - -
Quail 24 August 25 August 1 August - -
Stone Curlew 5 October - - - -
Little Ringed Plover 18 September 3 October 20 September 16 September -
Wood Sandpiper 23 September - 19 September 20 September -
Arctic Skua 26 October - - - 2 October
Sandwich Tern 26 October - - 10 October -
Common Tern 25 October 10 October 5 October 22 October 30 September
Arctic Tern 6 October - 14 September 12 October 13 October
Little Tern 2 October - - 15 September -
Black Tern 9 October - 3 October 8 October -
Turtle Dove 6 October 25 September 16 September - 21 October
Cuckoo 15 September 6 September 10 September 1 September 6 September
Nightjar 9 September 24 August - - -
Swift 4 October 27 September 25 September 9 October 17 September
Wryneck 23 September - - - 22 September
Sand Martin 15 October 12 October 6 October 3 October 25 September
Swallow 27 November 4 November 2 November 13 November 17 October
House Martin 21 November 2 November 20 October 3 November 13 October
Tree Pipit 3October 23 November - - 9 October
Yellow Wagtail 21 October 12 October 5 October 5 October 1 October
Nightingale 23 August 1 August - - -
Redstart 15 October 27 October 25 September 11 October 26 October
Whinchat 31 October 8 October 30 September 18 October 25 October
Wheatear 9 November 18 October 8 October 3 November 1 November
Ring Ouzel 29 October 27 October - 31 October 24 October
Grasshopper Warbler 16 September 28 August 17 August - -
Sedge Warbler 12 October 29 September 7 October 30 September 24 September
Reed Warbler 20 October 28 September 27 September 12 October 7 October
Lesser Whitethroat 3 October 23 September 26 September 21 September 25 October
Whitethroat 6 October 29 September 22 September 16 October 6 October
Garden Warbler 1 October 14 September 16 September 24 October 23 October
Wood Warbler 25 August 27 August - - 26 September
Willow Warbler 8 October 7 October 12 October 11 October 20 October
Spotted Flycatcher 3 October 29 September 27 September 5 October 7 October
Pied Flycatcher 28 September 11 September - 26 September 14 October

There is a paucity of information regarding the arrival dates of winter visitors and this is where your contributions to BirdTrack can really help. Few bird reports give long-term average arrival dates, those for Hampshire and West Midlands are shown below but you will see there is no information available for scarcer species.

Table 2: Average arrival dates of winter visitors
Species Hampshire West Midlands
Bewick's Swan 2 November -
Whooper Swan - -
White-fronted Goose 15 November -
Scaup 28 October -
Long-tailed Duck 6 November -
Velvet Scoter 1 November -
Hen Harrier 27 September -
Merlin 28 August -
Purple Sandpiper 9 October -
Jack Snipe 30 September 28 September
Water Pipit 16 October 31 October
Fieldfare 2 October 2 October
Redwing 28 September 28 September
Great Grey Shrike 20 October -
Brambling 6 October 11 October

Olive-backed Pipit © Dawn BalmerFor many birdwatchers, autumn brings with it excitement and anticipation. If the winds blow from the east during September and October will there be a good arrival of far eastern species like Pallas's Warbler, Radde's Warbler or perhaps something rarer like a Pechora Pipit? Birdwatchers in Ireland and the west of Britain will be closely following the weather maps looking for fast moving depressions moving across the Atlantic that could bring an arrival of American vagrants like Red-eyed Vireo, Buff-breasted Sandpipers and rare thrushes and warblers.

Birdwatching inland during the autumn can also produce some good birds with Pied Flycatchers, waders and terns moving through. It's worth spending some time looking at tit flocks as these often harbour warblers like Blackcap and Chiffchaff. Even rarer species like Yellow-browed Warbler are sometimes found amongst tit flocks in October and November.